Is desalination sustainable solution?

Today, nearly 40 percent of the world population is suffering from water shortage issue, which is expected to reach to four billion by 2050. Many countries worldwide have opted desalination of brackish or seawater to meet their water needs. But can we view desalination as a sustainable solution?

Seawater desalination is not only sustainable but is also a solution to the increasing need of water for domestic, industrial and commercial use. Desalination is the process of extracting salt from brackish water to make it usable for drinking, irrigation and industry processes.

In the last decade, the production costs have decreased by a factor of two. It has become possible due to the efforts of water treatment industry and manufacturers of membranes and equipment such as turbines, pumps, and pressure exchangers. Desalination works on the reverse osmosis process, which is most efficient to make seawater drinkable.

Reverse osmosis is a membrane-based separation process that enables removal of 99.9% of the salts from water. To ensure sustainability of desalination process raw water quality is analyzed, environmental impacts are examined and appropriate line technology is defined. It is also suited with all the contexts, such as if you live in a coastal region or inland where you need to treat seawater. Desalination process can also be automatically adjusted to the seasonal variations.

Why consider desalination?

There are three factors influencing your decision regarding desalination of seawater: climate change, drought, and population growth. The largest parts the continent lack in water supply and need to consider desalination to provide them with drinking water. With the increase in population and climate change, there is an increasing demand of water needed for various purposes such as drinking, commercial and industrial use.
Demand for water supply:

According to the estimates, the population of United States is expected to increase 30 percent in the next 20 years, so there might be some water crisis troubling people. However, this problem may become worse in certain regions where the water shortage has already been occurring. Water supply in some areas of the country is not abundant enough to realize the demand of the population. There is a great need for sustainable water supplies.

Solution to water problem:

One of the currently available solutions to global water crisis is desalination of seawater but the cost projected for desalination equipment and systems is high. A major problem with desalination process is that most of the companies that make desalination equipment were making small profits, so most of them have already gone out of business. Currently, desalination has become very expensive and also a tough task.

Because of the water crisis being faced by the world today, everyone is looking for ways to provide their population with drinking water at an easy cost. Modern desalination plants use electrodialysis that can further cut the energy consumed to remove sodium and chlorine from ocean water. Further, this will be a more eco-friendly way to remove salts from seawater. A cost-effective desalination process will provide the solution to the fear regarding future water shortages.

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