What is Male Infertility And How To Diagnose It

Infertility means a woman is not able to conceive or is unable to carry the child for the duration of the pregnancy. A couple might have problems conceiving for a variety of reasons. Sometimes, the man might be infertile, but this is something that can be treated medically most of the time.

About 50 percent of infertility cases are due to male infertility. And the reason is usually because of low sperm production. Low sperm production could be the result of radiation or toxic chemicals, heavy smoking, alcohol or drug use, genetic problems, genital organ infections or a hormonal disorder.

Sexual dysfunction and hormonal disorders can affect the sperm count either long term or temporarily. In either case, it could lead to problems with conception, and even prevent it altogether.

The sperm in male infertility cases, develop abnormally, which prevents them from moving properly, and that leads to a short life span. Abnormally formed sperm can be caused by testicles that are abnormal, and in cases where the testicles become inflamed. In many cases the problem is ejaculation and getting the sperm to enter the vagina properly. Problems that are most notable include surgery or radiation therapy, retrograde ejaculation, the inability to hold an erection and early ejaculation.

Low sperm count can also be the result of ageing, high blood pressure, use of lubricants during sex and medical problems.

How is it diagnosed?

Both the male and female should consult with a physician when there is a problem conceiving. After he examines the couple, he usually refers them to a urologist or specialist. The physical exam could consist of a medical history which would include alcohol or drug use, circumcision, sexual intercourse practices and genital surgery.

A semen analysis test is performed to determine if a man is infertile. This test includes a check of the quantity and quality of the male sperm. Hormone imbalance is determined through a blood test, which includes tests for sexually transmitted diseases and other illnesses. In some cases, a penis culture is tested to determine if there is an infection.

Medications like antibiotics or hormones, and sometimes surgery, are the main ways male infertility is treated. Sometimes the male will need more than one treatment. If there is a low sperm count, the male may undergo artificial insemination. In this case, the male sperm is stored until the amount is sufficient for the procedure. That’s when the sperm is inserted into the fallopian tubes or the uterus of the female. If this doesn’t work the couple might choose to use donated sperm.